Military Policies
International Waters
+100% ⚙️ Production toward all naval units, excluding Carriers.
Required Civics:
- Cold War
“International waters” is the term that refers to the notion that certain bodies of water transcend (supposedly) national boundaries and are free to passage by all; while it can be applied to some lakes, rivers, and swamps, in general it is used in relation to oceans and seas.
While all nations can claim sovereignty over their territorial waters extended out 12 nautical miles (22.2 kilometers), they have no jurisdiction past that limit. Although the concept of “freedom of the seas” dates to the 17th Century, it was not codified until several United Nations conventions were passed in the 1960s.
Military First
+50% 🛠️ Production toward all melee, anti-cavalry, and ranged units.
Required Civics:
- Rapid Deployment
When the United States entered World War II, it was woefully unprepared, and it took months to put America on a war footing. As a result of the Cold War, the administration adopted an amorphous strategy of “Military First” for spending and research, leading to an informal alliance between military and corporate interests in influencing public policy.
In his farewell address in January 1961, President Eisenhower first referred to the “military-industrial complex.” Currently, U.S. military expenditures account for about 47% of the world’s total arms production, and in 2011 the United States spent more on its military than the next 13 nations combined. “Military First” indeed.
Integrated Space Cell
Required Civics:
- Space Race
Description +15% Production toward Space Race projects if a city has either a Military Academy or a Seaport.
Historical Context The 2007 anti-satellite test by China, in which it shot down one of its own aging weather satellites, sent shock waves through the Indian government.
Even though both the United States and Russia had the capability to shot down satellites in orbit, India now faced a doomsday scenario, for it depended heavily on its satellite systems for military, commercial, and public services.
This led India to proclaim the Integrated Space Cell operational in June 2010 (although it may have been in place long before), the largest constellation of remote-sensing satellites – 11 operational thus far – in a “defense architecture” for a space war.
Economic Policy
Heritage Tourism
+100% Tourism from Great Works of Art and Artifacts.
Required Civics:
- Cultural Heritage
Heritage tourism, defined by the National Trust as “traveling to experience the places, artifacts, and activities that authentically represent the stories and peoples of the past.” Well, more-or-less authentic, since it doesn’t include the bad food, dysentery, bugs, lack of sanitation, and other dangers of that past.
Think Colonial Williamsburg today, rather than in pre-Revolution America. Heritage tourism is booming, especially in the United States as people seek to find their “roots” and legitimize their present. Rather than museums, these tourists seek operating railways, interactive battlefields, working farms and ranches, native villages … all emulating a period in the past for which they hanker.
Sports Media
+100% Theater Square district adjacency bonuses, and Stadiums generate +1 Amenity.
Required Civics:
- Professional Sports
Professional and college sports have become the remedy to relieve the sheer boredom of civilization (now that most folk don’t have to worry overly about starvation, disease, and war).
To feed that craving for excitement, sports journalism rose to the fore in newspapers; according to Tracy Everbach, “flamboyant sports writing in the era of yellow journalism attracted newspaper readers” by the millions. The 1920s ushered in the daily sports page, turned to first more than any section, other than the obituaries.
The Associated Press soon added a sports department. In the 1930s, sports media dominated radio, and then shifted to television – with networks paying ever more enormous sums to broadcast live events. And now, sports coverage is inundating the internet.
Satellite Broadcasts
+200% Tourism from 🎵 Great Works of Music.
Required Civics:
- Space Race
The first satellite to relay communications was “Project SCORE” in 1958 AD, which captured the world’s attention by broadcasting a greeting from President Eisenhower. Then “Project Echo” in 1960 (and again in 1964) put a passive reflector balloon in low orbit to bounce radio communications from one spot on the globe to another.
Meanwhile the communications corporation AT&T launched two multinational (American, British, and French) Telstar satellites, able to bounce broadcasts across the Pacific. These all laid the foundations for current satellite networks capable of sending video and audio and computer signals to anyplace in the world – leading to endless hours of distraction.
Diplomatic Policies
Cryptography
Enemy Spy level reduced by 2 in your lands. Your Spy level is increased by 1 for offensive operations.
Required Civics:
- Cold War
Cryptography prior to the modern age was primarily a matter of encryption, often simple transposition or substitution cyphers, making a message nonsense without a key. Like a game for bright children. By World War II, however, cryptography was mostly a matter of mathematical theory and computer science … hardly child’s play.
Cryptographic algorithms were designed around computational assumptions and integer factorization. At England’s Bletchley Park facility during World War II, research culminated in Colossus – civilization’s first electronic, digital, programmable computer – built to decrypt the Lorenz cipher.
Now nations, corporations, and hackers devote immense blocks of computing time and analysis to cryptosystems … creating them and breaking them.
Containment
Each Envoy you send to a city-state counts as two, if its Suzerain has a different government than you.
Required Civics:
- Cold War
As the Cold War opened, the United States opted for a policy of “containment” of the Soviet Union, the “evil empire” of communism. George Kennan, a career Foreign Service officer, formulated the policy which became the basis of the Truman administration’s response to threatened communist expansion.
It was controversial, to say the least. Eisenhower refused to intervene in the Hungarian Uprising in 1956, but Johnson used it to justify American involvement in Vietnam. Nixon and Kissinger rejected it completely in favor of working towards détente with Russia and China through expanded trade and cultural exchanges.
Reagan returned to the strategy by sending aid to a variety of anti-communist insurgents, notably in Afghanistan, leading to the eventual collapse of the Soviet Union.
